OMIA:001944-9615 : Spondylocostal dysostosis, autosomal recessive in Canis lupus familiaris (dog)

Categories: Skeleton phene (incl. short stature & teeth)

Possibly relevant human trait(s) and/or gene(s)s (MIM numbers): 613686 (trait) , 608059 (gene)

Links to MONDO diseases: No links.

Mendelian trait/disorder: yes

Mode of inheritance: Autosomal recessive lethal

Considered a defect: yes

Key variant known: yes

Year key variant first reported: 2015

Species-specific symbol: SCD

Species-specific description: Also called Comma defect (Willet et al., 2015), "due to the gross anatomical shape of the abnormal pups".

Inheritance: The three-generation pedigree reported by Willet et al. (2015) was consistent with autosomal recessive inheritance, which was confirmed with genotyping of the causal mutation in the extended family of the affected dogs.

Mapping: By conducting a GWAS on a family comprising normal parents plus 3 affected and 5 normal offspring, each genotyped with the Canine HD BeadChip (yielding 73,921 informative SNPs), Willet et al. (2015) mapped this disorder to a 25 Mb region on chromosome CFA5:29.84Mb–45.26Mb.

Molecular basis: Comparative analysis by Willet et al. (2015), based on location and phenotype in the mouse, revealed 19 positional comparative candidate genes. Whole-genome sequencing of two of the affected sibs revealed 5 candidate functional mutations, which were subsequently narrowed down to the causal mutation, a "guanine deletion at CFA5:35,940,090 (CFA5:32,945,846 in canFam3.1) within exon 2 of HES7 (c.126delG) . . . [which] introduces a frameshift mutation, causing alteration from the 43rd amino acid onwards and resulting in a premature termination codon in place of the 66th amino acid (p.(Thr43ProfsTer24))". Genotyping for this mutation in 133 dogs, including the three affected dogs and extended family members, confirmed this as the causal mutation.

Genetic engineering: Unknown
Have human generated variants been created, e.g. through genetic engineering and gene editing

Clinical features: As reported by Willet et al. (2015), "The condition is characterised by truncal shortening, extensive hemivertebrae and rib anomalies including malalignment, fusion and reduction in number." Also, "The three affected pups were born stillborn or died within hours of birth. Gross external examination of the pups by the attending veterinarian revealed a reduction in body length compared with normal littermates (data not available). The hindquarters of affected pups were reduced in size compared to the forequarters, giving an overall comma-like morphology to the body". One of the affected samples had umbilical hernia and another had a cleft hard palate.

Prevalence: Willet et al. (2015) tested 127 Miniature Schnauzers and six Standard Schnauzers for the deletion. Only the three affected pups tested homozygous for the mutant allele, and four family members tested heterozygous, giving an estimated allele frequency of 0.04 for the eastern Australian population tested. Carrier imported family members from Sweden and Argentina suggest that the allele may be globally dispersed.

Breed: Miniature Schnauzer (Dog) (VBO_0200896).
Breeds in which the phene has been documented. For breeds in which a likely causal variant has been documented, see the variant table below

Associated gene:

Symbol Description Species Chr Location OMIA gene details page Other Links
HES7 hes family bHLH transcription factor 7 Canis lupus familiaris 5 NC_051809.1 (33052693..33047237) HES7 Homologene, Ensembl , NCBI gene

Variants

By default, variants are sorted chronologically by year of publication, to provide a historical perspective. Readers can re-sort on any column by clicking on the column header. Click it again to sort in a descending order. To create a multiple-field sort, hold down Shift while clicking on the second, third etc relevant column headers.

WARNING! Inclusion of a variant in this table does not automatically mean that it should be used for DNA testing. Anyone contemplating the use of any of these variants for DNA testing should examine critically the relevant evidence (especially in breeds other than the breed in which the variant was first described). If it is decided to proceed, the location and orientation of the variant sequence should be checked very carefully.

Since October 2021, OMIA includes a semiautomated lift-over pipeline to facilitate updates of genomic positions to a recent reference genome position. These changes to genomic positions are not always reflected in the ‘acknowledgements’ or ‘verbal description’ fields in this table.

OMIA Variant ID Breed(s) Variant Phenotype Gene Allele Type of Variant Source of Genetic Variant Reference Sequence Chr. g. or m. c. or n. p. Verbal Description EVA ID Inferred EVA rsID Year Published PubMed ID(s) Acknowledgements
535 Miniature Schnauzer (Dog) Spondylocostal dysostosis, autosomal recessive HES7 deletion, small (<=20) Naturally occurring variant CanFam3.1 5 g.32945846del c.126delG p.(T43Pfs*24) 2015 25659135

Cite this entry

Nicholas, F. W., Tammen, I., & Sydney Informatics Hub. (2017). OMIA:001944-9615: Online Mendelian Inheritance in Animals (OMIA) [dataset]. https://omia.org/. https://doi.org/10.25910/2AMR-PV70

References

Note: the references are listed in reverse chronological order (from the most recent year to the earliest year), and alphabetically by first author within a year.

2023 Meadows, J.R.S., Kidd, J.M., Wang, G.D., Parker, H.G., Schall, P.Z., Bianchi, M., Christmas, M.J., Bougiouri, K., Buckley, R.M., Hitte, C., Nguyen, A.K., Wang, C., Jagannathan, V., Niskanen, J.E., Frantz, L.A.F., Arumilli, M., Hundi, S., Lindblad-Toh, K., Ginja, C., Agustina, K.K., André, C., Boyko, A.R., Davis, B.W., Drögemüller, M., Feng, X.Y., Gkagkavouzis, K., Iliopoulos, G., Harris, A.C., Hytönen, M.K., Kalthoff, D.C., Liu, Y.H., Lymberakis, P., Poulakakis, N., Pires, A.E., Racimo, F., Ramos-Almodovar, F., Savolainen, P., Venetsani, S., Tammen, I., Triantafyllidis, A., vonHoldt, B., Wayne, R.K., Larson, G., Nicholas, F.W., Lohi, H., Leeb, T., Zhang, Y.P., Ostrander, E.A. :
Genome sequencing of 2000 canids by the Dog10K consortium advances the understanding of demography, genome function and architecture. Genome Biol 24:187, 2023. Pubmed reference: 37582787. DOI: 10.1186/s13059-023-03023-7.
2015 Willet, C.E., Makara, M., Reppas, G., Tsoukalas, G., Malik, R., Haase, B., Wade, C.M. :
Canine Disorder Mirrors Human Disease: Exonic Deletion in HES7 Causes Autosomal Recessive Spondylocostal Dysostosis in Miniature Schnauzer Dogs. PLoS One 10:e0117055, 2015. Pubmed reference: 25659135. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0117055.

Edit History


  • Created by Frank Nicholas on 08 Feb 2015
  • Changed by Frank Nicholas on 08 Feb 2015
  • Changed by Frank Nicholas on 10 Feb 2015
  • Changed by Frank Nicholas on 04 Apr 2017
  • Changed by Frank Nicholas on 02 Jun 2017
  • Changed by Cali Willet on 02 Jun 2017