OMIA:001896-9796 : Exercise-induced pulmonary haemorrhage in Equus caballus (horse)

Categories: Haematopoietic system phene

Links to MONDO diseases: No links.

Mendelian trait/disorder: no

Mode of inheritance: Multifactorial

Considered a defect: yes

Key variant known: no

Species-specific name: Also known as exercise-induced epistaxis syndrome, or even just epistaxis, but the latter is inadequate because it does not capture the exercise-induced nature of this disorder.

Species-specific symbol: EIPH

Genetic engineering: Unknown
Have human generated variants been created, e.g. through genetic engineering and gene editing

Breed: Thoroughbred (Horse) (VBO_0001083).
Breeds in which the phene has been documented. For breeds in which a likely causal variant has been documented, see the variant table below

Cite this entry

Nicholas, F. W., Tammen, I., & Sydney Informatics Hub. (2022). OMIA:001896-9796: Online Mendelian Inheritance in Animals (OMIA) [dataset]. https://omia.org/. https://doi.org/10.25910/2AMR-PV70

References

Note: the references are listed in reverse chronological order (from the most recent year to the earliest year), and alphabetically by first author within a year.

2023 Burns, J.J., MacMillan, K.M., John, E. :
Prevalence of exercise-induced pulmonary hemorrhage, tracheal mucus and recurrent laryngeal neuropathy in competitive draft pulling horses. J Equine Vet Sci 129:104895, 2023. Pubmed reference: 37517672. DOI: 10.1016/j.jevs.2023.104895.
Hansen, S., Otten, N.D., Nissen, S.D., Carstensen, H., Hopster-Iversen, C., Fjeldborg, J., Staun, S.H., Fenner, M., Hesselkilde, E.M., Buhl, R. :
Atrial fibrillation as a risk factor for exercise-induced pulmonary haemorrhage following a standardised exercise test. Equine Vet J , 2023. Pubmed reference: 37654233. DOI: 10.1111/evj.13995.
Mahalingam-Dhingra, A., Bedenice, D., Mazan, M.R. :
Bronchoalveolar lavage hemosiderosis in lightly active or sedentary horses. J Vet Intern Med , 2023. Pubmed reference: 36975043. DOI: 10.1111/jvim.16692.
2021 Dahlgren, A.R., Tablin, F., Finno, C.J. :
Genetics of equine bleeding disorders. Equine Vet J 53:30-37, 2021. Pubmed reference: 32463964. DOI: 10.1111/evj.13290.
2019 Blott, S., Cunningham, H., Malkowski, L., Brown, A., Rauch, C. :
A mechanogenetic model of exercise-induced pulmonary haemorrhage in the thoroughbred horse. Genes (Basel) 10:880, 2019. Pubmed reference: 31683933. DOI: 10.3390/genes10110880.
Bonomo, C.C.M., Michelotto, P.V., Viccino, C., Barussi, F.C.M., Fernandes, W.R. :
Occurrence of exercise-induced pulmonary haemorrhage in show jumping horses. Vet J 248:91-94, 2019. Pubmed reference: 31113571. DOI: 10.1016/j.tvjl.2019.05.003.
Crispe, E.J., Secombe, C.J., Perera, D.I., Manderson, A.A., Turlach, B.A., Lester, G.D. :
Exercise-induced pulmonary haemorrhage in Thoroughbred racehorses: a longitudinal study. Equine Vet J 51:45-51, 2019. Pubmed reference: 29675969. DOI: 10.1111/evj.12957.
2017 Crispe, E.J., Lester, G.D., Secombe, C.J., Perera, D.I. :
The association between exercise-induced pulmonary haemorrhage and race-day performance in Thoroughbred racehorses. Equine Vet J 49:584-589, 2017. Pubmed reference: 28118491. DOI: 10.1111/evj.12671.
2016 Poole, D.C., Erickson, H.H. :
Exercise-induced pulmonary hemorrhage: where are we now? Vet Med (Auckl) 7:133-148, 2016. Pubmed reference: 30050846. DOI: 10.2147/VMRR.S120421.
2015 Boudreaux, M.K., Koehler, J., Habecker, P.L., Del Piero, F. :
Evaluation of the genes encoding CD39/NTPDase-1 and CD39L1/NTPDase-2 in horses with and without abnormal hemorrhage and in horses with pathologic evidence of exercise-induced pulmonary hemorrhage. Vet Clin Pathol 44:617-25, 2015. Pubmed reference: 26642303. DOI: 10.1111/vcp.12303.
Gerber, V., Tessier, C., Marti, E. :
Genetics of upper and lower airway diseases in the horse. Equine Vet J 47:390-7, 2015. Pubmed reference: 24773614. DOI: 10.1111/evj.12289.
Hinchcliff, K.W., Couetil, L.L., Knight, P.K., Morley, P.S., Robinson, N.E., Sweeney, C.R., van Erck, E. :
Exercise induced pulmonary hemorrhage in horses: American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine consensus statement. J Vet Intern Med 29:743-58, 2015. Pubmed reference: 25996660. DOI: 10.1111/jvim.12593.
Morley, P.S., Bromberek, J.L., Saulez, M.N., Hinchcliff, K.W., Guthrie, A.J. :
Exercise-induced pulmonary haemorrhage impairs racing performance in Thoroughbred racehorses. Equine Vet J 47:358-65, 2015. Pubmed reference: 25290262. DOI: 10.1111/evj.12368.
Morley, P.S., Hinchcliff, K.W. :
Letter to the Editor regarding article on exercise-induced pulmonary haemorrhage at the Hong Kong Jockey Club. Equine Vet J 47:372-3, 2015. Pubmed reference: 25598392. DOI: 10.1111/evj.12379.
Preston, S., Riggs, C.M. :
Descriptive analysis of longitudinal endoscopy for exercise-induced pulmonary haemorrhage in Thoroughbred racehorses training and racing at the Hong Kong Jockey Club - letter. Equine Vet J 47:374-5, 2015. Pubmed reference: 25597337. DOI: 10.1111/evj.12388.
Reardon, R.J., Boden, L.A., Mellor, D.J., Love, S., Newton, R.J., Stirk, A.J., Parkin, T.D. :
Risk factors for epistaxis in jump racing in Great Britain (2001-2009). Vet J 205:44-9, 2015. Pubmed reference: 26045356. DOI: 10.1016/j.tvjl.2015.04.003.
Richards, A.D. :
Letter to the editor. Equine Vet J 47:376, 2015. Pubmed reference: 25597229. DOI: 10.1111/evj.12380.
Riggs, C.M., Preston, S. :
Response to Richards letter. Equine Vet J 47:377, 2015. Pubmed reference: 25894302. DOI: 10.1111/evj.12405.
Sullivan, S., Hinchcliff, K. :
Update on exercise-induced pulmonary hemorrhage. Vet Clin North Am Equine Pract 31:187-98, 2015. Pubmed reference: 25770069. DOI: 10.1016/j.cveq.2014.11.011.
Sullivan, S.L., Whittem, T., Morley, P.S., Hinchcliff, K.W. :
A systematic review and meta-analysis of the efficacy of furosemide for exercise-induced pulmonary haemorrhage in Thoroughbred and Standardbred racehorses. Equine Vet J 47:341-9, 2015. Pubmed reference: 25291214. DOI: 10.1111/evj.12373.
Sullivan, S.L., Anderson, G.A., Morley, P.S., Hinchcliff, K.W. :
Prospective study of the association between exercise-induced pulmonary haemorrhage and long-term performance in Thoroughbred racehorses. Equine Vet J 47:350-7, 2015. Pubmed reference: 24617564. DOI: 10.1111/evj.12263.
2014 Velie, B.D., Raadsma, H.W., Wade, C.M., Knight, P.K., Hamilton, N.A. :
Heritability of epistaxis in the Australian Thoroughbred racehorse population. Vet J 202:274-8, 2014. Pubmed reference: 25011713. DOI: 10.1016/j.tvjl.2014.06.010.
2013 Langford, J.L., Thomson, P.C., Knight, P.K. :
Epistaxis in racehorses: risk factors and effects on career. Aust Vet J 91:198-203, 2013. Pubmed reference: 23614515. DOI: 10.1111/avj.12049.
2011 Derksen, F., Williams, K., Stack, A. :
Exercise-induced pulmonary hemorrhage in horses: the role of pulmonary veins. Compend Contin Educ Vet 33:E6, 2011. Pubmed reference: 21870340.
Michelotto, P.V., Muehlmann, L.A., Zanatta, A.L., Bieberbach, E.W., Kryczyk, M., Fernandes, L.C., Nishiyama, A. :
Pulmonary inflammation due to exercise-induced pulmonary haemorrhage in Thoroughbred colts during race training. Vet J 190:e3-6, 2011. Pubmed reference: 22108190. DOI: 10.1016/j.tvjl.2010.08.009.
2010 Hinchcliff, K.W., Morley, P.S., Jackson, M.A., Brown, J.A., Dredge, A.F., O'Callaghan, P.A., McCaffrey, J.P., Slocombe, R.F., Clarke, A.F. :
Risk factors for exercise-induced pulmonary haemorrhage in Thoroughbred racehorses. Equine Vet J Suppl :228-34, 2010. Pubmed reference: 21059011. DOI: 10.1111/j.2042-3306.2010.00245.x.
2008 Williams, KJ., Derksen, FJ., de Feijter-Rupp, H., Pannirselvam, RR., Steel, CM., Robinson, NE. :
Regional pulmonary veno-occlusion: a newly identified lesion of equine exercise-induced pulmonary hemorrhage. Vet Pathol 45:316-26, 2008. Pubmed reference: 18487488. DOI: 10.1354/vp.45-3-316.
2005 Araya, O., Palma, P., Salvi, M., Bustamante, H., Vits, L. :
Endoscopic determination of exercise-induced pulmonary haemorrhage in Chilean Criollo horses. Vet J 169:311-3, 2005. Pubmed reference: 15727928. DOI: 10.1016/j.tvjl.2004.02.002.
Hinchcliff, KW., Jackson, MA., Brown, JA., Dredge, AF., O'Callaghan, PA., McCaffrey, JP., Morley, PS., Slocombe, RE., Clarke, AF. :
Tracheobronchoscopic assessment of exercise-induced pulmonary hemorrhage in horses. Am J Vet Res 66:596-8, 2005. Pubmed reference: 15900938.
Hinchcliff, KW., Jackson, MA., Morley, PS., Brown, JA., Dredge, AE., O'Callaghan, PA., McCaffrey, JP., Slocombe, RE., Clarke, AE. :
Association between exercise-induced pulmonary hemorrhage and performance in Thoroughbred racehorses. J Am Vet Med Assoc 227:768-74, 2005. Pubmed reference: 16178399.
Newton, JR., Rogers, K., Marlin, DJ., Wood, JL., Williams, RB. :
Risk factors for epistaxis on British racecourses: evidence for locomotory impact-induced trauma contributing to the aetiology of exercise-induced pulmonary haemorrhage. Equine Vet J 37:402-11, 2005. Pubmed reference: 16163941.
2004 Weideman, H., Schoeman, SJ., Jordaan, GF. :
The inheritance of liability to epistaxis in the southern African Thoroughbred. J S Afr Vet Assoc 75:158-62, 2004. Pubmed reference: 15830598.
2002 Doucet, M.Y., Viel, L. :
Clinical, radiographic, endoscopic, bronchoalveolar lavage and lung biopsy findings in horses with exercise-induced pulmonary hemorrhage Canadian Veterinary Journal - Revue Veterinaire Canadienne 43:195-202, 2002.
2001 Anon. :
Frequency of and risk factors for epistaxis associated with exercise induced pulmonary hemorrhage in horses: 251,609 race starts (1992-1997) (vol 218, pg 1462, 2001) Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association 218:1965, 2001.
Erickson, H.H., Hildreth, T.S., Poole, D.C., Cox, J.H. :
Management of exercise-induced pulmonary hemorrhage in nonracing performance horses Compendium on Continuing Education for the Practicing Veterinarian 23:1090-1093, 2001.
Takahashi, T., Hiraga, A., Ohmura, H., Kai, M., Jones, J.H. :
Frequency of and risk factors for epistaxis associated with exercise-induced pulmonary hemorrhage in horses: 251,609 race starts (1992-1997) Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association 218:1462-1464, 2001. Pubmed reference: 11345311.
2000 Erickson, H.H., Kindig, C.A., Poole, D.C. :
Exercise-induced pulmonary hemorrhage: A new concept for prevention Journal of Equine Veterinary Science 20:164-167, 2000.
1999 Hinchcliff, K.W. :
Effects of furosemide on athletic performance and exercise-induced pulmonary hemorrhage in horses Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association 215:630-635, 1999. Pubmed reference: 10476706.
1998 Meyer, T.S., Fedde, M.R., Gaughan, E.M., Langsetmo, I., Erickson, H.H. :
Quantification of exercise-induced pulmonary haemorrhage with bronchoalveolar lavage Equine Veterinary Journal 30:284-288, 1998. Pubmed reference: 9705109.
Robertshaw, D. :
Regional distribution of exercise-induced pulmonary haemorrhage - horses and antelopes Equine Veterinary Journal 30:181-182, 1998. Pubmed reference: 9622316.
Schroter, R.C., Marlin, D.J., Denny, E. :
Exercise-induced pulmonary haemorrhage (EIPH) in horses results from locomotory impact induced trauma - a novel, unifying concept Equine Veterinary Journal 30:186-192, 1998. Pubmed reference: 9622318.
Weiss, D.J., Smith, C.M. :
Haemorrheological alterations associated with competitive racing activity in horses - implications for exercise-induced pulmonary haemorrhage (eiph) [Review] Equine Veterinary Journal 30:7-12, 1998. Pubmed reference: 9458393.
1997 Derksen, F.J. :
Oxidant injury and nitric oxide - a role in exercise-induced pulmonary haemorrhage Veterinary Journal 153:119-121, 1997.
Harkins, J.D., Mundy, G.D., Stanley, S.D., Harrison, L., Poonacha, K.B., Williams, N.A., Tobin, T. :
Exercise-induced pulmonary hemorrhage - a review of the etiology and pathogenesis [Review] Equine Practice 19:22-28, 1997.
Landolsi, F., Chabchoub, A., Harti, Y., Ghorbel, A. :
Electrocardiographic parameters on horses suffering from exercise induced epistaxis syndrome [French] Revue de Medecine Veterinaire 148:969-974, 1997.
1995 Erickson, H.H., Odea, J.C., Pascoe, J., Robinson, N.E., Sweeney, C.R. :
Exercise-induced pulmonary hemorrhage (eiph) Journal of Equine Veterinary Science 15:464-466, 1995.
Harkins, J.D., Tobin, T. :
Racing horses, nitroglycerin and exercise induced pulmonary haemorrhage (EIPH) Equine Veterinary Journal 27:240-241, 1995. Pubmed reference: 8536657.
Hilsenroth, R. :
Exercise-induced pulmonary hemorrhage (EIPH) Equine Practice 17:7, 1995.
1994 Aguileratejero, E., Pascoe, J.R., Smith, B.L., Tyler, W.S., Woliner, M.J. :
Evaluation of a technique for detection of pulmonary hemorrhage in horses, using carbon monoxide uptake American Journal of Veterinary Research 55:1032-1036, 1994. Pubmed reference: 7978621.
Anon. :
Conference on Bleeders Journal of Equine Veterinary Science 14:77, 1994.
Art, T., Lekeux, P. :
Exercise-Induced Pulmonary Hemorrhage in Horses Annales de Medecine Veterinaire 138:145-153, 1994.
Erickson, H. :
Exercise-Induced Pulmonary Hemorrhage (EIPH) Journal of Equine Veterinary Science 14:438, 1994.
Fio, L. :
How Lasix Works to Stop Bleeding in Racehorses Journal of Equine Veterinary Science 14:381-382, 1994.
Geor, R.J., Weiss, D.J., Smith, C.M. :
Hemorheologic alterations induced by incremental treadmill exercise in Thoroughbreds American Journal of Veterinary Research 55:854-861, 1994. Pubmed reference: 7944028.
Jones, W.E. :
Poor Performance and Upper Airway Dysfunction Journal of Equine Veterinary Science 14:107-108, 1994.
Lapointe, J.M., Vrins, A., Mccarvill, E. :
A Survey of Exercise-Induced Pulmonary Haemorrhage in Quebec Standardbred Racehorses Equine Veterinary Journal 26:482-485, 1994. Pubmed reference: 7889923.
Manohar, M. :
Pulmonary Vascular Pressures of Thoroughbreds Increase Rapidly and to a Higher Level with Rapid Onset of High- Intensity Exercise Than Slow Onset Equine Veterinary Journal 26:496-499, 1994. Pubmed reference: 7889926.
Manohar, M., Hutchens, E., Coney, E. :
Frusemide Attenuates the Exercise-Induced Rise in Pulmonary Capillary Blood Pressure in Horses Equine Veterinary Journal 26:51-54, 1994. Pubmed reference: 8143666.
Weiss, D.J., Geor, R.J., Smith, C.M. :
Effects of Echinocytosis on Hermorrheologic Values and Exercise Performance in Horses American Journal of Veterinary Research 55:204-210, 1994. Pubmed reference: 8172408.
West, J.B., Mathieucostello, O. :
Stress Failure of Pulmonary Capillaries as a Mechanism for Exercise Induced Pulmonary Haemorrhage in the Horse Equine Veterinary Journal 26:441-447, 1994. Pubmed reference: 7889916.
1993 Fedde, M.R., Wood, S.C. :
Rheological Characteristics of Horse Blood - Significance During Exercise Respiration Physiology 94:323-335, 1993. Pubmed reference: 8108610.
Mckane, S.A., Canfield, P.J., Rose, R.J. :
Equine Bronchoalveolar Lavage Cytology - Survey of Thoroughbred Racehorses in Training Australian Veterinary Journal 70:401-404, 1993. Pubmed reference: 8280021.
1992 Cook, W.R. :
Questions Theory on Cause of Exercise-Induced Pulmonary Hemorrhage Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association 201:1661-1662, 1992. Pubmed reference: 1293093.
Derksen, F.J., Slocombe, R.F., Gray, P.R., Robinson, N.E. :
Exercise-Induced Pulmonary Hemorrhage in Horses with Experimentally Induced Allergic Lung Disease American Journal of Veterinary Research 53:15-21, 1992. Pubmed reference: 1371655.
Dhupa, N., Littman, M.P. :
Epistaxis Compendium on Continuing Education for the Practicing Veterinarian 14:1033-1042, 1992.
Hagedorn, H.W., Bock, M., Schulz, R. :
Acetylsalicylic Acid and Blood Coagulation in the Horse Deutsche Tierarztliche Wochenschrift 99:410-412, 1992. Pubmed reference: 1425318.
Mahony, C., Rantanen, N.W., Demichael, J.A., Kincaid, B. :
Spontaneous Echocardiographic Contrast in the Thoroughbred - High Prevalence in Racehorses and a Characteristic Abnormality in Bleeders Equine Veterinary Journal 24:129-133, 1992. Pubmed reference: 1582391.
Mcclay, C.B., Weiss, D.J., Smith, C.M., Gordon, B. :
Evaluation of Hemorheologic Variables as Implications for Exercise-Induced Pulmonary Hemorrhage in Racing Thoroughbreds American Journal of Veterinary Research 53:1380-1385, 1992. Pubmed reference: 1510314.
Roberts, L.J., Knight, V.A. :
A Physiologic Concept of Exercise-Induced Pulmonary Hemorrhage in Horses Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association 201:666-667, 1992. Pubmed reference: 1399759.
Schumacher, J., Dean, P., Welch, B. :
Epistaxis in 2 Horses with Dacryohemorrhea Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association 200:366-367, 1992. Pubmed reference: 1548174.
Smith, J.D., Arthur, R., Barton, J., Bowen, E., Byars, D., Derksen, F., Erickson, H., Gowen, B., Hinchcliff, K., Manohar, M., Ocallaghan, M., Pascoe, J., Robinson, E., Sams, R., Soma, L., Sweeney, C., Tobin, T. :
A Workshop - Exercise-Induced Pulmonary Hemorrhage Findings .2 Equine Practice 14:9, 1992.
Smith, J.D., Arthur, R., Barton, J., Bowen, E., Byars, D., Derksen, F., Erickson, H., Gowen, B., Hinchcliff, K., Manohar, M., Ocallaghan, M., Pascoe, J., Robinson, E., Sams, R., Soma, L., Sweeney, C., Tobin, T. :
Exercise-Induced Pulmonary Hemorrhage Findings .3 Equine Practice 14:28-31, 1992.
1991 Pascoe, J.R. :
Exercise-Induced Pulmonary Hemorrhage Equine Respiratory Disorders :237-252, 1991.
Sweeney, C.R. :
Exercise-Induced Pulmonary Hemorrhage Veterinary Clinics of North America-Equine Practice 7:93-104, 1991.
1990 Arthur, R.M. :
Respiratory Problems in the Racehorse Veterinary Clinics of North America-Equine Practice 6:179-196, 1990.
Macnamara, B., Bauer, S., Iafe, J. :
Endoscopic Evaluation of Exercise Induced Pulmonary Hemorrhage and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease in Association with Poor Performance in Racing Standardbreds Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association 196:443-445, 1990. Pubmed reference: 2298674.
Mcdowell, M., Wickler, S.J. :
Effect of Naproxen on Bleeding Time in the Horse Journal of Equine Veterinary Science 10:162-163, 1990.
Mckeever, K.H., Hinchcliff, K.W., Kociba, G.J., Reed, S.M., Muir, W.W. :
Changes in Coagulation and Fibrinolysis in Horses During Exercise American Journal of Veterinary Research 51:1335-1339, 1990. Pubmed reference: 2396779.
1989 Ocallaghan, M.W. :
Bleeding from the Nose :107-121, 1989.
1980 Arthur, R.M. :
The clinical management of exercise-induced pulmonary hemorrhage at Southern California throughbred racetracks Proceedings of the Annual Convention of the American Association of Equine Practitioners 26:441-444, 1980.

Edit History


  • Created by Frank Nicholas on 06 Sep 2005
  • Changed by Carrie Finno on 11 Dec 2013
  • Changed by Frank Nicholas on 19 Mar 2020
  • Changed by Imke Tammen2 on 28 Aug 2021
  • Changed by Imke Tammen2 on 27 Oct 2022