OMIA:000944-51129 : Spongiform encephalopathy, susceptibility/resistance to in Gloydius halys caraganus

In other species: domestic cat , cattle , goat , pig , sheep , American mink , golden hamster , blue antelope , white-tufted-ear marmoset , eland , domestic ferret , greater kudu , Arabian oryx , , puma , Eastern wapiti , cheetah , chicken , crab-eating macaque , Rhesus monkey , macaques , black-tailed deer , rabbit , dog , water buffalo , Manchurian Wapiti , deer , domestic guinea pig , , Western roe deer , fallow deer , , , horse , white-tailed deer , chital , American bison , Eurasian elk , nyala , gemsbok , scimitar-horned oryx , reindeer , Arabian camel , red deer , Mallard , sika deer , domestic yak , Ring-necked pheasant , raccoon dog , Bank vole , Japanese quail

Categories: Nervous system phene

Possibly relevant human trait(s) and/or gene(s) (MIM number): 176640 (gene)

Links to MONDO diseases: No links.

Mendelian trait/disorder: unknown

Considered a defect: unknown

Cross-species summary: Spongiform encephalopathies are a class of fatal neurological diseases. Clinical signs are characteristic of a progressive degeneration of the central nervous system; they include pruritis, abnormalities of gait and recumbency. Death is inevitable. On post-mortem, brain histopathology shows a characteristic spongy appearance. The infectious agent is a modified form of a protein encoded by a gene in the host. The name given to this infectious particle is prion. The host gene is called the prion protein (PrP) gene, which is a normal part of the genome of mammals and chickens. Its polypeptide product, called cellular PrP(superscript C), is a naturally-occurring protein attached to the outer surface of neurones and some other cells. PrP(superscript C) appears to play a role in maintaining the Purkinje cells of the cerebellum, which are essential for balance and muscular function. The infectious agent, called scrapie PrP(superscript Sc), is a modifed form of PrP(superscript C), where the modifications involve glycosylation and the creation of intra-strand di-sulphide bonds. It is important to realise that these modifications involve no change in amino acid sequence. When PrP(superscript Sc) molecules enter a previously uninfected host, they convert the naturally occurring PrP(superscript C) molecules, produced by the host gene, into infectious PrP(superscript Sc) particles, which ultimately cause clinical signs in that animal, and which can spread to other animals, both horizontally (by infection) and vertically (by maternal transmission). In ruminants the disease has been called bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE) in cattle, scrapie in sheep and goats and chronic wasting disease (CWD) in cervids.

References

Note: the references are listed in reverse chronological order (from the most recent year to the earliest year), and alphabetically by first author within a year.

2021 Orge, L., Lima, C., Machado, C., Tavares, P., Mendonça, P., Carvalho, P., Silva, J., Pinto, M.L., Bastos, E., Pereira, J.C., Gonçalves-Anjo, N., Gama, A., Esteves, A., Alves, A., Matos, A.C., Seixas, F., Silva, F., Pires, I., Figueira, L., Vieira-Pinto, M., Sargo, R., Pires, M.D.A. :
Neuropathology of animal prion diseases. Biomolecules 11:466, 2021. Pubmed reference: 33801117 . DOI: 10.3390/biom11030466.
2005 Cartoni, C., Schininà, M.E., Maras, B., Nonno, R., Vaccari, G., Di Baria, M.A., Conte, M., Liu, Q.G., Lu, M., Cardone, F., Windl, O., Pocchiari, M., Agrimi, U. :
Identification of the pathological prion protein allotypes in scrapie-infected heterozygous bank voles (Clethrionomys glareolus) by high-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr A 1081:122-6, 2005. Pubmed reference: 16013608 .

Edit History


  • Created by Frank Nicholas on 01 Nov 2005
  • Changed by Frank Nicholas on 15 May 2020