In other species: horse , pig , aoudad , goat , mouflon , sheep

Categories: Haematopoietic system phene

Single-gene trait/disorder: yes

Mode of inheritance: Autosomal co-dominant

Disease-related: no

Key variant known: no

Cross-species summary: Each blood group system consists of a set of blood types, each of which corresponds to a particular antigen (usually a glycoprotein) on the surface of red blood cells. The different types within a system are the result of the action of different alleles at a locus that usually encodes an enzyme that catalyses the creation of the feature of the glycoprotein unique to that type, e.g. the presence of a particular sugar at the end of a short chain of sugars.

Inheritance: Briles et al. (1959) confirmed the existence of four loci (blood group systems), namely A, B, D, and E, with some evidence of tight linkage between A and E.

Mapping: Fulton et al. (2023): "Genome-wide association analyses using a 600 K or a 54 K SNP chip plus DNA from independent samples identified a strong peak on chicken chromosome 1 at 125–131 Mb (GRCg6a). Cell surface expression and the presence of exonic non-synonymous SNP were used to identify the candidate gene. The chicken CD99 gene showed the co-segregation of SNP-defined haplotypes and serologically defined D blood system alleles." The authors report the associations between CD99 haplotypes (based on eight SNP: rs74153692; rs314496839; rs312634736; rs316308207; rs10730300; rs735363747; rs13623448, rs735519530) and D system alleles.

Associated gene: