OMIA:002110-9615 : Ataxia, cerebellar, ATP1B2-related in Canis lupus familiaris (dog) |
Categories: Nervous system phene
Links to possible relevant human trait(s) and/or gene(s) in OMIM: 182331 (gene)
Single-gene trait/disorder: yes
Mode of inheritance: Autosomal recessive
Disease-related: yes
Key variant known: yes
Year key variant first reported: 2017
Species-specific name: Spongy degeneration with cerebellar ataxia 2
Species-specific symbol: SDCA2
Species-specific description: Ataxia is characterized by uncoordinated movements and represents a relatively non-specific clinical sign. This entry describes an ataxia form that is caused by a genetic variant in the ATP1B2 gene. Other phenotypically related ataxias in dogs may also be caused by variants in the CAPN1, GRM1, ITPR1, KCNJ10, RAB24, SEL1L, SNX14, and SPTBN2 genes. In Belgian Shepherds, and especially in the Malinois variety, several genetically distinct forms of ataxia may occur. Apart from the ATP1B2-related SDCA2 described in this entry, the KCNJ10-related SDCA1 also occurs in this breed and leads to very similar clinical signs.
Mapping: Mauri et al. (2017) investigated a single family of Belgian Shepherd dogs (Malinois variety) consisting of both parents and a complete litter with 11 offspring to map the causative locus. Four out of the 11 puppies were affected by SDCA2. Using a combined linkage and homozygosity mapping approach the authors mapped the disease causing variant to Chr5:29,906,132–40,470,236 (CanFam 3.1 assembly).
Molecular basis: By whole-genome sequencing a single SDCA2 affected Belgian Shepherd, and comparing the data with genome sequences from 146 control canids, Mauri et al. (2017) identified a 227 bp SINE insertion into exon 2 of the ATP1B2 gene in the affected dog. The variant was described as XM_546597.5:ATP1B2:c.130_131insLT796559.1:g.50_276 or CanFam3.1:Chr5:32,551,064_32,551,065insLT796559.1:g.50_276. The SINE insertion was homozygous in 5 affected dogs. It did not occur in homozygous state in 258 control Belgian Shepherds. The variant was absent from 503 dogs of diverse other breeds. At the time of the canine study, there were no reports about human patients with ATP1B2 variants available. However, an Atp1b2 knockout mouse model displayed also a progressive motor impairment and spongy degeneration of the brain. Mauri et al. (2017) investigated the molecular consequences of the SINE insertion. Using skin RNA from one case, the authors detected at least three different aberrant splice isoforms. The epxressed transcripts all maintained the original reading frame. However, as several codons were altered in each of these isoforms, a loss of ATP1B2 function seems likely.
Clinical features: The primary clinical sign consisted of a loss of coordination and generalized ataxic gait starting at 4 weeks of age. SDCA2 affected dogs also had seizures, showed pacing and circling and developed central blindness. Due to the rapid progression of the neurological signs, most puppies were euthanized at 6 weeks of age. One affected puppy died at 6.5 weeks of age during a seizure (Mauri et al. 2017).
Pathology: "Histopathological changes ... were characterized by bilateral-symmetric vacuolation of the neuropil, targeting the cerebellar nuclei; the ventral horn gray matter of the spinal cord, in particular at the level of the cervical intumescence; and the brain stem. In the spinal cord, vacuolation was associated with neuronal necrosis and severe gliosis. Additionally, in the puppy MA162, neuronal necrosis and diffuse presence of hypertrophic astrocytes with vesicular nuclei, reminiscent of Alzheimer type II cells, were observed in the hippocampus, caudate nucleus, and diffusely in the cortex. Histopathological eye abnormalities were not noticed." (Mauri et al. 2017)
Breed:
Belgian Shepherd Dog (Dog) (VBO_0200144).
Breeds in which the phene has been documented. (If a likely causal variant has been documented for the phene, see the variant table breeds in which the variant has been reported).
Associated gene:
Symbol | Description | Species | Chr | Location | OMIA gene details page | Other Links |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
ATP1B2 | ATPase, Na+/K+ transporting, beta 2 polypeptide | Canis lupus familiaris | 5 | NC_051809.1 (32653348..32659884) | ATP1B2 | Homologene, Ensembl , NCBI gene |
Variants
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WARNING! Inclusion of a variant in this table does not automatically mean that it should be used for DNA testing. Anyone contemplating the use of any of these variants for DNA testing should examine critically the relevant evidence (especially in breeds other than the breed in which the variant was first described). If it is decided to proceed, the location and orientation of the variant sequence should be checked very carefully.
Since October 2021, OMIA includes a semiautomated lift-over pipeline to facilitate updates of genomic positions to a recent reference genome position. These changes to genomic positions are not always reflected in the ‘acknowledgements’ or ‘verbal description’ fields in this table.
OMIA Variant ID | Breed(s) | Variant Phenotype | Gene | Allele | Type of Variant | Source of Genetic Variant | Reference Sequence | Chr. | g. or m. | c. or n. | p. | Verbal Description | EVA ID | Year Published | PubMed ID(s) | Acknowledgements |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
734 | Belgian Shepherd Dog (Dog) | Ataxia, cerebellar, ATP1B2-related | ATP1B2 | insertion, gross (>20) | Naturally occurring variant | CanFam3.1 | 5 | g.32551064_32551065ins[LT796559.1:g.50_276] | c.130_131ins[LT796559.1:g.50_276] | XM_546597.5; "a 227 bp SINE insertion into exon 2 of the ATP1B2 gene" | 2017 | 28620085 |
Cite this entry
Nicholas, F. W., Tammen, I., & Sydney Informatics Hub. (2017). OMIA:002110-9615: Online Mendelian Inheritance in Animals (OMIA) [dataset]. https://omia.org/. https://doi.org/10.25910/2AMR-PV70
References
Note: the references are listed in reverse chronological order (from the most recent year to the earliest year), and alphabetically by first author within a year.
2023 | Cocostîrc, V., Paștiu, A.I., Pusta, D.L. : |
An overview of canine inherited neurological disorders with known causal variants. Animals (Basel) 13:3568, 2023. Pubmed reference: 38003185. DOI: 10.3390/ani13223568. | |
Stee, K., Van Poucke, M., Lowrie, M., Van Ham, L., Peelman, L., Olby, N., Bhatti, S.F.M. : | |
Phenotypic and genetic aspects of hereditary ataxia in dogs. J Vet Intern Med 37:1306-1322, 2023. Pubmed reference: 37341581. DOI: 10.1111/jvim.16742. | |
2017 | Mauri, N., Kleiter, M., Dietschi, E., Leschnik, M., Högler, S., Wiedmer, M., Dietrich, J., Henke, D., Steffen, F., Schuller, S., Gurtner, C., Stokar-Regenscheit, N., O'Toole, D., Bilzer, T., Herden, C., Oevermann, A., Jagannathan, V., Leeb, T. : |
A SINE Insertion in ATP1B2 in Belgian Shepherd Dogs Affected by Spongy Degeneration with Cerebellar Ataxia (SDCA2). G3 (Bethesda) 7:2729-2737, 2017. Pubmed reference: 28620085. DOI: 10.1534/g3.117.043018. |
Edit History
- Created by Tosso Leeb on 06 Jul 2017
- Changed by Tosso Leeb on 06 Jul 2017