OMIA:002375-9913 : Congenital disorder of glycosylation, GALNT2-related in Bos taurus (taurine cattle)

Categories: Growth / size / body region phene

Possibly relevant human trait(s) and/or gene(s)s (MIM numbers): 602274 (gene) , 618885 (trait)

Links to MONDO diseases: No links.

Mendelian trait/disorder: yes

Mode of inheritance: Autosomal recessive

Considered a defect: yes

Key variant known: yes

Year key variant first reported: 2021

Species-specific name: Small Calf Syndrome

Mapping: Reynolds et al. (2021) “report one of the largest sequence-resolution screens of cattle to date, targeting discovery and validation of non-additive effects in 130,725 animals. We highlight six novel recessive loci with impacts [on body weight, stature or body condition score] generally exceeding the largest-effect variants identified from additive genome-wide association studies … [and] detail six novel putative causative mutations with effects ranging from mild (3.5% reduction in body weight) to severe (>25% reduction in body weight and increased early-life mortality). … The most significant bodyweight and stature effects identified from GWAS highlighted loci on chromosome 28 at 0.7Mbp and 1.3Mbp respectively.”

Molecular basis: Reynolds et al. (2021): “The top-associated SNP in these analyses presented a highly correlated … c.1561-1G>A splice acceptor mutation in GALNT2 as potentially responsible for these effects … .” The authors “had provisionally mapped the variant as a candidate stature mutation (unpublished), and subsequently as a variant for which homozygotes were depleted … (Charlier et al., 2016).”

Genetic engineering: Unknown
Have human generated variants been created, e.g. through genetic engineering and gene editing

Clinical features: Homozygous animals are characterised by significantly reduced growth parameters. Neurological and behavioural traits were not assessed by Reynolds et al. (2021), but significant reduction in circulating triglycerides (though high-density lipoproteins were not significantly different), creatinine and serum albumin were reported. Differential expression analysis of liver biopsy samples of affected and control animals revealed a total of 14 genes significantly over-expressed, and 15 genes significantly under-expressed in animals homozygous for the GALNT2 c.1561-1G>A variant (Reynolds et al., 2021). Embryonic lethality was reported: only 16% GALNT2 c.1561-1G>A homozygotes were identified in heterozygous matings (Reynolds et al., 2021).

Prevalence: The alternative allele frequency in New Zealand dairy cattle was reported as 0.055 in Holstein Friesian cattle, 0.001 in Jersey cattle and 0.033 in the 32,224 dairy cattle genotyped (Reynolds et al., 2021). Krull and Brenig (2022) reported that the c.1561-1G>A variant (OMIA variant 1327) was absent from 5005 German Holsteins. In 6191 cattle of a range of breeds from the 1000Bull Genomes Project, Krull and Brenig (2022) reported four heterozygotes, three of which came from New Zealand and the other of unknown origin. They concluded that "we currently do not have any indication that the deleterious variant has been introduced into the Holstein cattle population outside NZ. This is probably due to the fact that the syndrome results in poor production performance and therefore carriers (and also the disease allele) have never been emitted from NZ."

Breeds: Holstein Friesian (Cattle) (VBO_0000239), Jersey (Cattle) (VBO_0000250).
Breeds in which the phene has been documented. For breeds in which a likely causal variant has been documented, see the variant table below

Associated gene:

Symbol Description Species Chr Location OMIA gene details page Other Links
GALNT2 polypeptide N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase 2 Bos taurus 28 NC_037355.1 (2098139..2284314) GALNT2 Homologene, Ensembl , NCBI gene

Variants

By default, variants are sorted chronologically by year of publication, to provide a historical perspective. Readers can re-sort on any column by clicking on the column header. Click it again to sort in a descending order. To create a multiple-field sort, hold down Shift while clicking on the second, third etc relevant column headers.

WARNING! Inclusion of a variant in this table does not automatically mean that it should be used for DNA testing. Anyone contemplating the use of any of these variants for DNA testing should examine critically the relevant evidence (especially in breeds other than the breed in which the variant was first described). If it is decided to proceed, the location and orientation of the variant sequence should be checked very carefully.

Since October 2021, OMIA includes a semiautomated lift-over pipeline to facilitate updates of genomic positions to a recent reference genome position. These changes to genomic positions are not always reflected in the ‘acknowledgements’ or ‘verbal description’ fields in this table.

OMIA Variant ID Breed(s) Variant Phenotype Gene Allele Type of Variant Source of Genetic Variant Reference Sequence Chr. g. or m. c. or n. p. Verbal Description EVA ID Inferred EVA rsID Year Published PubMed ID(s) Acknowledgements
1327 Holstein Friesian (Cattle) Jersey (Cattle) Congenital disorder of glycosylation GALNT2 splicing Naturally occurring variant ARS-UCD1.2 28 g.2281801G>A c.1561-1G>A Splice acceptor mutation based on NM_001193103.1. rs5334474933 2021 34045765

Cite this entry

Nicholas, F. W., Tammen, I., & Sydney Informatics Hub. (2022). OMIA:002375-9913: Online Mendelian Inheritance in Animals (OMIA) [dataset]. https://omia.org/. https://doi.org/10.25910/2AMR-PV70

References

Note: the references are listed in reverse chronological order (from the most recent year to the earliest year), and alphabetically by first author within a year.

2022 Krull, F., Brenig, B. :
Very low allele frequency of small calf syndrome causing GALNT2-splice acceptor variant in the worldwide Holstein cattle population. Anim Genet 53:472-473, 2022. Pubmed reference: 35191545. DOI: 10.1111/age.13180.
2021 Reynolds, E.G.M., Neeley, C., Lopdell, T.J., Keehan, M., Dittmer, K., Harland, C.S., Couldrey, C., Johnson, T.J.J., Tiplady, K., Worth, G., Walker, M., Davis, S.R., Sherlock, R.G., Carnie, K., Harris, B.L., Charlier, C., Georges, M., Spelman, R.J., Garrick, D.J., Littlejohn, M.D. :
Non-additive association analysis using proxy phenotypes identifies novel cattle syndromes. Nat Genet 53:949-54, 2021. Pubmed reference: 34045765. DOI: 10.1038/s41588-021-00872-5.
2016 Charlier, C., Li, W., Harland, C., Littlejohn, M., Coppieters, W., Creagh, F., Davis, S., Druet, T., Faux, P., Guillaume, F., Karim, L., Keehan, M., Kadri, N.K., Tamma, N., Spelman, R., Georges, M. :
NGS-based reverse genetic screen for common embryonic lethal mutations compromising fertility in livestock. Genome Res 26:1333-1341, 2016. Pubmed reference: 27646536. DOI: 10.1101/gr.207076.116.

Edit History


  • Created by Imke Tammen2 on 09 Aug 2021
  • Changed by Imke Tammen2 on 09 Aug 2021
  • Changed by Frank Nicholas on 24 Feb 2022