OMIA:001905-9913 : Johne's disease, resistance/susceptibility to in Bos taurus (taurine cattle)

In other species: ass (donkey) , indicine cattle (zebu) , goat , sheep

Categories: Immune system phene

Mendelian trait/disorder: no

Mode of inheritance: Multifactorial

Disease-related: yes

Key variant known: no

Cross-species summary: Johne's disease is also called paratuberculosis

Cite this entry

Nicholas, F. W., Tammen, I., & Sydney Informatics Hub. (2024). OMIA:001905-9913: Online Mendelian Inheritance in Animals (OMIA) [dataset]. https://omia.org/. https://doi.org/10.25910/2AMR-PV70

References

Note: the references are listed in reverse chronological order (from the most recent year to the earliest year), and alphabetically by first author within a year.

2024 Badia-Bringué, G., Lavín, J.L., Casais, R., Alonso-Hearn, M. :
Alternative splicing of pre-mRNA modulates the immune response in Holstein cattle naturally infected with <i>Mycobacterium avium</i> subsp. <i>paratuberculosis</i>. Front Immunol 15:1354500, 2024. Pubmed reference: 38495873. DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1354500.
Badia-Bringué, G., Lavín, J.L., Casais, R., Alonso-Hearn, M. :
Corrigendum: Alternative splicing of pre-mRNA modulates the immune response in Holstein cattle naturally infected with Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis. Front Immunol 15:1430718, 2024. Pubmed reference: 38868772. DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1430718.
Duda, H.C., von Toerne, C., Korbonits, L., Didier, A., Scholz, A.M., Märtlbauer, E., Hauck, S.M., Deeg, C.A. :
Cathepsin S is more abundant in serum of Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis-infected dairy cows. Metabolites 14:215, 2024. Pubmed reference: 38668343. DOI: 10.3390/metabo14040215.
Fong, A., Rochus, C.M., Shandilya, U.K., Muniz, M.M.M., Sharma, A., Schenkel, F.S., Karrow, N.A., Baes, C.F. :
The role of interleukin-10 receptor alpha (IL10Rα) in Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis infection of a mammary epithelial cell line. BMC Genom Data 25:58, 2024. Pubmed reference: 38867147. DOI: 10.1186/s12863-024-01234-w.
Griss, S., Knific, T., Buzzell, A., Carmo, L.P., Schüpbach-Regula, G., Meylan, M., Ocepek, M., Thomann, B. :
A scoping review on associations between paratuberculosis and productivity in cattle. Front Vet Sci 11:1352623, 2024. Pubmed reference: 38756521. DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2024.1352623.
Martins, E., Oliveira, P., Correia-Gomes, C., Mendonça, D., Ribeiro, J.N. :
Association of Mycobacterium avium paratuberculosis serostatus with age at first calving, calving interval and milk production in dairy cows. J Dairy Sci 107:3916-3926, 2024. Pubmed reference: 38331177. DOI: 10.3168/jds.2023-23516.
Martins, L., Orsel, K., Eshraghisamani, R., Hernández-Agudelo, J.M., Pereira, A.C., Shaukat, W., Koets, A.P., Bannantine, J.P., Ritter, C., Kelton, D.F., Whittington, R.J., Weber, M.F., Facciuolo, A., Dhand, N.K., Donat, K., Eisenberg, S., Salgado, M.A., Kastelic, J.P., De Buck, J., Barkema, H.W. :
Invited Review: Improved control of Johne's disease in dairy cattle through advancements in diagnostics, testing and management of young stock. J Dairy Sci , 2024. Pubmed reference: 39369889. DOI: 10.3168/jds.2024-24643.
Musolino, N., Rampacci, E., Tolasi, C., Beccati, F., Passamonti, F. :
Long-term outcomes of the Italian Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis control programme for dairy cattle. Vet Rec 194:e4044, 2024. Pubmed reference: 38624266. DOI: 10.1002/vetr.4044.
Novo, L.C., Parker Gaddis, K.L., Wu, X.L., McWhorter, T.M., Burchard, J., Norman, H.D., Dürr, J., Fourdraine, R., Peñagaricano, F. :
Genetic parameters and genetic trends for Johne's disease in U.S. Holsteins: An updated study. J Dairy Sci 107:4804-4821, 2024. Pubmed reference: 38428495. DOI: 10.3168/jds.2023-23788.
Ottardi, M., Lechner, I., Wang, J., Schmitt, S., Schneeberger, M., Schmid, R.M., Stephan, R., Meylan, M. :
Seroprevalence of Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis in Swiss dairy herds and risk factors for a positive herd status and within-herd prevalence. Front Vet Sci 11:1409694, 2024. Pubmed reference: 39005723. DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2024.1409694.
Rasmussen, P., Barkema, H.W., Osei, P.P., Taylor, J., Shaw, A.P., Conrady, B., Chaters, G., Muñoz, V., Hall, D.C., Apenteng, O.O., Rushton, J., Torgerson, P.R. :
Global losses due to dairy cattle diseases: A comorbidity-adjusted economic analysis. J Dairy Sci 107:6945-6970, 2024. Pubmed reference: 38788837. DOI: 10.3168/jds.2023-24626.
Taylor, E.N., Channa, K., Orpin, P.G., Hanks, J., Taylor, N.M. :
Changes in the Johne's disease situation in GB dairy herds over 10 years, as revealed by regular milk ELISA data. Prev Vet Med 232:S0167-5877(24)00203-4:106317, 2024. Pubmed reference: 39178523. DOI: 10.1016/j.prevetmed.2024.106317.
Vass-Bognár, B., Khol, J.L., Baumgartner, W., Fornyos, K., Papp, M., Abonyi-Tóth, Z., Bakony, M., Jurkovich, V. :
Investigating the prevalence of paratuberculosis in Hungarian large-scale dairy herds and the success of control measures over four years. Animals (Basel) 14:151, 2024. Pubmed reference: 38200881. DOI: 10.3390/ani14010151.
Veres, K., Lang, Z., Monostori, A., Kostoulas, P., Ózsvári, L. :
Bayesian latent class modelling of true prevalence in animal subgroups with application to bovine paratuberculosis infection. Prev Vet Med 224:S0167-5877(24)00019-9:106133, 2024. Pubmed reference: 38340463. DOI: 10.1016/j.prevetmed.2024.106133.
Weber, M.F., Kelton, D., Eisenberg, S.W.F., Donat, K. :
Progress in paratuberculosis control programmes for dairy herds. Animals (Basel) 14:1127, 2024. Pubmed reference: 38612366. DOI: 10.3390/ani14071127.
2023 [No authors listed] :
Artificial intelligence tool for diagnosis of Johne's disease. Vet Rec 193:268, 2023. Pubmed reference: 37800515. DOI: 10.1002/vetr.3516.
Badia-Bringué, G., Canive, M., Fernandez-Jimenez, N., Lavín, J.L., Casais, R., Blanco-Vázquez, C., Vázquez, P., Fernández, A., Bilbao, J.R., Garrido, J.M., Juste, R.A., González-Recio, O., Alonso-Hearn, M. :
Summary-data based Mendelian randomization identifies gene expression regulatory polymorphisms associated with bovine paratuberculosis by modulation of the nuclear factor Kappa β (NF-κß)-mediated inflammatory response. BMC Genomics 24:605, 2023. Pubmed reference: 37821814. DOI: 10.1186/s12864-023-09710-w.
Badia-Bringué, G., Canive, M., Vázquez, P., Garrido, J.M., Fernández, A., Juste, R.A., Jiménez, J.A., González-Recio, O., Alonso-Hearn, M. :
Association between high interferon-gamma production in avian tuberculin-stimulated blood from Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis - infected cattle and candidate genes implicated in necroptosis. Microorganisms 11:1817, 2023. Pubmed reference: 37512987. DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11071817.
Garcia, A.A., Plain, K.M., Thomson, P.C., Thomas, A.J., Davies, C.J., Toribio, J.L.M.L., Whittington, R.J. :
Association between major histocompatibility complex haplotypes and susceptibility of unvaccinated and vaccinated cattle to paratuberculosis. Vet Immunol Immunopathol 265:110677, 2023. Pubmed reference: 37952345. DOI: 10.1016/j.vetimm.2023.110677.
Maurić Maljković, M., Vlahek, I., Piplica, A., Ekert Kabalin, A., Sušić, V., Stevanović, V. :
Prospects of toll-like receptors in dairy cattle breeding. Anim Genet 54:425-434, 2023. Pubmed reference: 37051618. DOI: 10.1111/age.13325.
Mazzone, P., Di Paolo, A., Petrucci, L., Torricelli, M., Corneli, S., Sebastiani, C., Ciullo, M., Sebastianelli, M., Costarelli, S., Scoccia, E., Sbarra, F., Gabbianelli, F., Chillemi, G., Valentini, A., Pezzotti, G., Biagetti, M. :
Evaluation of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with genetic resistance to bovine paratuberculosis in Marchigiana beef cattle, an Italian native breed. Animals (Basel) 13:587, 2023. Pubmed reference: 36830374. DOI: 10.3390/ani13040587.
Meek, K., Strain, S., O'Connell, N.E., Grant, I.R. :
Analysis of the Veterinary Risk Assessment and Management Plan questionnaire responses for dairy herds enrolled in the Northern Ireland Johne's disease control programme. Vet Rec Open 10:e71, 2023. Pubmed reference: 37818238. DOI: 10.1002/vro2.71.
Mohammed, T., Mamo, G., Zewude, A., Sirak, A., Gumi, B., Ameni, G. :
Prevalence of paratuberculosis in cattle based on gross and microscopic lesions in Ethiopia. BMC Vet Res 19:203, 2023. Pubmed reference: 37833766. DOI: 10.1186/s12917-023-03725-x.
Navarro León, A.I., Muñoz, M., Iglesias, N., Blanco-Vázquez, C., Balseiro, A., Milhano Santos, F., Ciordia, S., Corrales, F.J., Iglesias, T., Casais, R. :
Proteomic Serum Profiling of Holstein Friesian Cows with Different Pathological Forms of Bovine Paratuberculosis Reveals Changes in the Acute-Phase Response and Lipid Metabolism. J Proteome Res 23:2762-2779, 2023. Pubmed reference: 37863471. DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.3c00244.
Nunney, E., Crotta, M., Bond, K., van Winden, S., Green, M., Guitian, J. :
Dataset on risk factors for seroconversion against Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis in dairy cows. Data Brief 51:109671, 2023. Pubmed reference: 38020422. DOI: 10.1016/j.dib.2023.109671.
Reynolds, J.A., Bradley, A.J., Sherwin, V.E., Remnant, J.G., Hudson, C.D. :
Associations between Johne's disease and fertility in UK dairy herds. Vet J 298-299:106015, 2023. Pubmed reference: 37479055. DOI: 10.1016/j.tvjl.2023.106015.
Scarpellini, R., Giacometti, F., Savini, F., Arrigoni, N., Garbarino, C.A., Carnevale, G., Mondo, E., Piva, S. :
Bovine paratuberculosis: results of a control plan in 64 dairy farms in a 4-year period. Prev Vet Med 215:105923, 2023. Pubmed reference: 37099999. DOI: 10.1016/j.prevetmed.2023.105923.
2022 Alonso-Hearn, M., Badia-Bringué, G., Canive, M. :
Genome-wide association studies for the identification of cattle susceptible and resilient to paratuberculosis. Front Vet Sci 9:935133, 2022. Pubmed reference: 36172612. DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2022.935133.
Gopi, B., Vir Singh, R., Kumar, S., Kumar, S., Chauhan, A., Sonwane, A., Kumar, A., Bharati, J., Vir Singh, S. :
Effect of selected single nucleotide polymorphisms in SLC11A1, ANKRA2, IFNG and PGLYRP1 genes on host susceptibility to Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis infection in Indian cattle. Vet Res Commun 46:209-221, 2022. Pubmed reference: 34718924. DOI: 10.1007/s11259-021-09849-5.
Kirkpatrick, B.W., Cooke, M.E., Frie, M., Sporer, K.R.B., Lett, B., Wells, S.J., Coussens, P.M. :
Genome-wide association analysis for susceptibility to infection by Mycobacterium avium ssp. paratuberculosis in US Holsteins. J Dairy Sci 105:4301-4313, 2022. Pubmed reference: 35307176. DOI: 10.3168/jds.2021-21276.
2021 Ariel, O., Brouard, J.S., Marete, A., Miglior, F., Ibeagha-Awemu, E., Bissonnette, N. :
Genome-wide association analysis identified both RNA-seq and DNA variants associated to paratuberculosis in Canadian Holstein cattle 'in vitro' experimentally infected macrophages. BMC Genomics 22:162, 2021. Pubmed reference: 33678157. DOI: 10.1186/s12864-021-07487-4.
Kravitz, A., Pelzer, K., Sriranganathan, N. :
The paratuberculosis paradigm examined: A review of host genetic resistance and innate immune fitness in Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis infection. Front Vet Sci 8:721706, 2021. Pubmed reference: 34485444. DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2021.721706.
Mallikarjunappa, S., Brito, L.F., Pant, S.D., Schenkel, F.S., Meade, K.G., Karrow, N.A. :
Johne's disease in dairy cattle: An immunogenetic perspective. Front Vet Sci 8:718987, 2021. Pubmed reference: 34513975. DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2021.718987.
Okuni, J.B., Afayoa, M., Ojok, L. :
Survey of candidate single-nucleotide polymorphisms in SLC11A1, TLR4, NOD2, PGLYRP1, and IFNγ in Ankole Longhorn cattle in central region of Uganda to determine their role in Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis infection outcome. Front Vet Sci 8:614518, 2021. Pubmed reference: 33644146. DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2021.614518.
Singh, P., Ali, S.A. :
Impact of CRISPR-Cas9-based genome engineering in farm animals. Vet Sci 8:122, 2021. Pubmed reference: 34209174. DOI: 10.3390/vetsci8070122.
Zhang, J., Han, B., Zheng, W., Lin, S., Li, H., Gao, Y., Sun, D. :
Genome-wide DNA methylation profile in jejunum reveals the potential genes associated with paratuberculosis in dairy cattle. Front Genet 12:735147, 2021. Pubmed reference: 34721525. DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2021.735147.
2020 Çınar, M.U., Akyüz, B., Arslan, K., White, S.N., Neibergs, H.L., Gümüşsoy, K.S. :
The EDN2 rs110287192 gene polymorphism is associated with paratuberculosis susceptibility in multibreed cattle population. PLoS One 15:e0238631, 2020. Pubmed reference: 32881967. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0238631.
Echeverr, G., Escobar, H., Changoluisa, D., Ron, L., Proaño, A., Proañ O-Pérez, F., Zumárraga, M.J., de Waard, J.H. :
Prevalence of paratuberculosis in dairy cattle in Ecuador. Int J Mycobacteriol 9:1-6, 2020. Pubmed reference: 32474480. DOI: 10.4103/ijmy.ijmy_175_19.
Gopi, B., Singh, R.V., Kumar, S., Kumar, S., Chauhan, A., Kumar, A., Singh, S.V. :
Single-nucleotide polymorphisms in CLEC7A, CD209 and TLR4 gene and their association with susceptibility to paratuberculosis in Indian cattle. J Genet 99, 2020. Pubmed reference: 32366737.
Mallikarjunappa, S., Shandilya, U.K., Sharma, A., Lamers, K., Bissonnette, N., Karrow, N.A., Meade, K.G. :
Functional analysis of bovine interleukin-10 receptor alpha in response to Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis lysate using CRISPR/Cas9. BMC Genet 21:121, 2020. Pubmed reference: 33138773. DOI: 10.1186/s12863-020-00925-4.
Mallikarjunappa, S., Schenkel, F.S., Brito, L.F., Bissonnette, N., Miglior, F., Chesnais, J., Lohuis, M., Meade, K.G., Karrow, N.A. :
Association of genetic polymorphisms related to Johne's disease with estimated breeding values of Holstein sires for milk ELISA test scores. BMC Vet Res 16:165, 2020. Pubmed reference: 32460776. DOI: 10.1186/s12917-020-02381-9.
Sanchez, M.P., Guatteo, R., Davergne, A., Saout, J., Grohs, C., Deloche, M.C., Taussat, S., Fritz, S., Boussaha, M., Blanquefort, P., Delafosse, A., Joly, A., Schibler, L., Fourichon, C., Boichard, D. :
Identification of the ABCC4, IER3, and CBFA2T2 candidate genes for resistance to paratuberculosis from sequence-based GWAS in Holstein and Normande dairy cattle. Genet Sel Evol 52:14, 2020. Pubmed reference: 32183688. DOI: 10.1186/s12711-020-00535-9.
2019 Kumar, S., Kumar, S., Singh, R.V., Chauhan, A., Kumar, A., Bharati, J., Singh, S.V. :
Association of bovine CLEC7A gene polymorphism with host susceptibility to paratuberculosis disease in Indian cattle. Res Vet Sci 123:216-222, 2019. Pubmed reference: 30684908. DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2019.01.016.
McAloon, C.G., Roche, S., Ritter, C., Barkema, H.W., Whyte, P., More, S.J., O'Grady, L., Green, M.J., Doherty, M.L. :
A review of paratuberculosis in dairy herds - Part 1: Epidemiology. Vet J 246:59-65, 2019. Pubmed reference: 30902190. DOI: 10.1016/j.tvjl.2019.01.010.
McAloon, C.G., Roche, S., Ritter, C., Barkema, H.W., Whyte, P., More, S.J., O'Grady, L., Green, M.J., Doherty, M.L. :
A review of paratuberculosis in dairy herds - Part 2: On-farm control. Vet J 246:54-58, 2019. Pubmed reference: 30902189. DOI: 10.1016/j.tvjl.2019.01.009.
McGovern, S.P., Purfield, D.C., Ring, S.C., Carthy, T.R., Graham, D.A., Berry, D.P. :
Candidate genes associated with the heritable humoral response to Mycobacterium avium ssp. paratuberculosis in dairy cows have factors in common with gastrointestinal diseases in humans. J Dairy Sci 102:S0022-0302(19)30229-2:4249-4263, 2019. Pubmed reference: 30852025. DOI: 10.3168/jds.2018-15906.
2018 Sallam, A.M., Zare, Y., Shook, G., Collins, M., Kirkpatrick, B.W. :
A positional candidate gene association analysis of susceptibility to paratuberculosis on bovine chromosome 7. Infect Genet Evol 65:163-169, 2018. Pubmed reference: 30056168. DOI: 10.1016/j.meegid.2018.07.035.
2017 Sallam, A.M., Zare, Y., Alpay, F., Shook, G.E., Collins, M.T., Alsheikh, S., Sharaby, M., Kirkpatrick, B.W. :
An across-breed genome wide association analysis of susceptibility to paratuberculosis in dairy cattle. J Dairy Res 84:61-67, 2017. Pubmed reference: 28252359. DOI: 10.1017/S0022029916000807.
2014 van Hulzen, K.J., Koets, A.P., Nielen, M., Heuven, H.C., van Arendonk, J.A., Klinkenberg, D. :
The effect of genetic selection for Johne's disease resistance in dairy cattle: Results of a genetic-epidemiological model. J Dairy Sci 97:1762-73, 2014. Pubmed reference: 24556012. DOI: 10.3168/jds.2013-7032.
Zare, Y., Shook, G.E., Collins, M.T., Kirkpatrick, B.W. :
Genome-wide association analysis and genomic prediction of Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis infection in US Jersey cattle. PLoS One 9:e88380, 2014. Pubmed reference: 24523889. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0088380.
2013 Vir Singh, S., Dhama, K., Chaubey, K.K., Kumar, N., Singh, P.K., Sohal, J.S., Gupta, S., Vir Singh, A., Verma, A.K., Tiwari, R. :
Impact of host genetics on susceptibility and resistance to Mycobacterium avium subspecies Paratuberculosis infection in domestic ruminants. Pak J Biol Sci 16:251-66, 2013. Pubmed reference: 24498788. DOI: 10.3923/pjbs.2013.251.266.
2012 Rastislav, M., Mangesh, B. :
BoLA-DRB3 exon 2 mutations associated with paratuberculosis in cattle. Vet J 192:517-9, 2012. Pubmed reference: 21930402. DOI: 10.1016/j.tvjl.2011.07.005.
2011 Pant, S.D., Verschoor, C.P., Schenkel, F.S., You, Q., Kelton, D.F., Karrow, N.A. :
Bovine PGLYRP1 polymorphisms and their association with resistance to Mycobacterium avium ssp. paratuberculosis. Anim Genet 42:354-60, 2011. Pubmed reference: 21749417. DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2052.2010.02153.x.
van Hulzen, K.J., Nielen, M., Koets, A.P., de Jong, G., van Arendonk, J.A., Heuven, H.C. :
Effect of herd prevalence on heritability estimates of antibody response to Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis. J Dairy Sci 94:992-7, 2011. Pubmed reference: 21257067. DOI: 10.3168/jds.2010-3472.
2010 Attalla, S.A., Seykora, A.J., Cole, J.B., Heins, B.J. :
Genetic parameters of milk ELISA scores for Johne's disease. J Dairy Sci 93:1729-35, 2010. Pubmed reference: 20338451. DOI: 10.3168/jds.2009-2625.
Koets, A., Santema, W., Mertens, H., Oostenrijk, D., Keestra, M., Overdijk, M., Labouriau, R., Franken, P., Frijters, A., Nielen, M., Rutten, V. :
Susceptibility to paratuberculosis infection in cattle is associated with single nucleotide polymorphisms in Toll-like receptor 2 which modulate immune responses against Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis. Prev Vet Med 93:305-15, 2010. Pubmed reference: 20005587. DOI: 10.1016/j.prevetmed.2009.11.008.
Pant, S.D., Schenkel, F.S., Verschoor, C.P., You, Q., Kelton, D.F., Moore, S.S., Karrow, N.A. :
A principal component regression based genome wide analysis approach reveals the presence of a novel QTL on BTA7 for MAP resistance in holstein cattle. Genomics 95:176-82, 2010. Pubmed reference: 20060464. DOI: 10.1016/j.ygeno.2010.01.001.
Ruiz-Larrañaga, O., Garrido, J.M., Manzano, C., Iriondo, M., Molina, E., Gil, A., Koets, A.P., Rutten, V.P., Juste, R.A., Estonba, A. :
Identification of single nucleotide polymorphisms in the bovine solute carrier family 11 member 1 (SLC11A1) gene and their association with infection by Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis. J Dairy Sci 93:1713-21, 2010. Pubmed reference: 20338449. DOI: 10.3168/jds.2009-2438.
Ruiz-Larrañaga, O., Garrido, J.M., Iriondo, M., Manzano, C., Molina, E., Montes, I., Vazquez, P., Koets, A.P., Rutten, V.P., Juste, R.A., Estonba, A. :
SP110 as a novel susceptibility gene for Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis infection in cattle. J Dairy Sci 93:5950-8, 2010. Pubmed reference: 21094769. DOI: 10.3168/jds.2010-3340.
Verschoor, C.P., Pant, S.D., You, Q., Schenkel, F.S., Kelton, D.F., Karrow, N.A. :
Polymorphisms in the gene encoding bovine interleukin-10 receptor alpha are associated with Mycobacterium avium ssp. paratuberculosis infection status. BMC Genet 11:23, 2010. Pubmed reference: 20398313. DOI: 10.1186/1471-2156-11-23.
2009 Mucha, R., Bhide, M.R., Chakurkar, E.B., Novak, M., Mikula, I. :
Toll-like receptors TLR1, TLR2 and TLR4 gene mutations and natural resistance to Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis infection in cattle. Vet Immunol Immunopathol 128:381-8, 2009. Pubmed reference: 19131114. DOI: 10.1016/j.vetimm.2008.12.007.
Pinedo, P.J., Wang, C., Li, Y., Rae, D.O., Wu, R. :
Risk haplotype analysis for bovine paratuberculosis. Mamm Genome 20:124-9, 2009. Pubmed reference: 19145459. DOI: 10.1007/s00335-008-9167-0.
Pinedo, P.J., Buergelt, C.D., Donovan, G.A., Melendez, P., Morel, L., Wu, R., Langaee, T.Y., Rae, D.O. :
Candidate gene polymorphisms (BoIFNG, TLR4, SLC11A1) as risk factors for paratuberculosis infection in cattle. Prev Vet Med 91:189-96, 2009. Pubmed reference: 19525022. DOI: 10.1016/j.prevetmed.2009.05.020.
1996 Chiodini, R.J. :
Immunology: resistance to paratuberculosis. Vet Clin North Am Food Anim Pract 12:313-43, 1996. Pubmed reference: 8828108. DOI: 10.1016/s0749-0720(15)30409-6.

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