In other species: Japanese medaka , axolotl , dark-spotted frog , Japanese wrinkled frog , Tufted capuchin , Rhesus monkey , dog , red fox , domestic ferret , domestic cat , lion , humpback whale , ass (donkey) , pig , red deer , American bison , taurine cattle , rabbit , golden hamster , Mongolian gerbil , domestic guinea pig , Japanese ratsnake , ball python , water buffalo , four-striped grass mouse , ocelot gecko , American mink , Japanese raccoon dog , Rice frog

Categories: Pigmentation phene , Vision / eye phene

Links to possible relevant human trait(s) and/or gene(s) in OMIM: 203100 (trait) , 606952 (trait) , 606933 (gene)

Mendelian trait/disorder: yes

Mode of inheritance: Autosomal recessive

Disease-related: no

Key variant known: yes

Year key variant first reported: 2020

Cross-species summary: Congenital lack of pigment in most parts of the body. Due to a non-functional form of the enzyme tyrosinase. Also known as oculocutaneous albinism (OCA), acromelanism and as the Himalayan coat-colour pattern

History: Koga et al. (2020): "An infant hamadryas baboon exhibiting an albino phenotype —white body hair and red eyes— was born to parents with wild-type body color. Pigmentation on some parts of its body surfaced during childhood and progressed with age. This baboon in adulthood has gray hair on parts of its body, such as the tail, distal portion of the legs, and face, with the remainder being white. This pigmentation pattern resembles that of the Siamese cat and the Himalayan variants of the mouse and the mink."

Molecular basis: Koga et al. (2020) "sequenced all the five exons of the tyrosinase (TYR) gene of this albino baboon" and identified a missense mutation "p.(Ala365Thr) . . . [as] a likely candidate for the cause of the albino phenotype in this baboon."

Associated gene: