In other species: goldfish , northern pike , rainbow trout , Atlantic salmon , guppy , Nile tilapia , Japanese flounder , Atlantic halibut , Gila monster , monocled cobra , Mallard , swan goose , Canada goose , chicken , common quail , turkey , tammar wallaby , ass (donkey) , horse , taurine cattle , sheep , Chinese soft-shelled turtle , jackdaw , petrels , torafugu , whitespotted clarias , red-eared slider turtle , Wuchang bream , water buffalo , Japanese quail , green-eyed treefrog , barred knifejaw , derbio , northern snakehead , twoband anemonefish , Java barb , clearhead icefish , Guenther's mouthbrooder , silver trevally

Categories: Reproductive system phene

Links to possible relevant human trait(s) and/or gene(s) in OMIM: 261550 (trait) , 600956 (gene)

Mendelian trait/disorder: yes

Disease-related: no

Key variant known: no

Species-specific description: Nakamoto et al. (2021): "Genome-wide association mapping using wild ayu populations revealed three sex-linked scaffolds (total, 2.03 Mb). Comparison of whole-genome resequencing mapping coverage between males and females identified male-specific regions in sex-linked scaffolds. A duplicate copy of the anti-Müllerian hormone type-II receptor gene (amhr2bY) was found within these male-specific regions, distinct from the autosomal copy of amhr2. Expression of the Y-linked amhr2 gene was male-specific in sox9b-positive somatic cells surrounding germ cells in undifferentiated gonads, whereas autosomal amhr2 transcripts were detected in somatic cells in sexually undifferentiated gonads of both genetic males and females. Loss-of-function mutation for amhr2bY induced male to female sex reversal. Taken together with the known role of Amh and Amhr2 in sex differentiation, these results indicate that the paralog of amhr2 on the ayu Y chromosome determines genetic sex, and the male-specific amh-amhr2 pathway is critical for testicular differentiation in ayu."